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en Past tense 3   »   ar ‫صيغة الماضي 3‬

83 [eighty-three]

Past tense 3

Past tense 3

‫83 [ثلاثة وثمانون]‬

83 [thlathat wathamanun]

‫صيغة الماضي 3‬

[syghat almadi 3]

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to make a call يها-ف. يهاتف. ي-ا-ف- ------ يهاتف. 0
y-----f. yahatif. y-h-t-f- -------- yahatif.
I made a call. ‫-ق--اتصلت--ا-فيا-.‬ ‫لقد اتصلت هاتفيا-.‬ ‫-ق- ا-ص-ت ه-ت-ي-ً-‬ -------------------- ‫لقد اتصلت هاتفياً.‬ 0
lqa- a---sala- ha--y---. lqad aitasalat hatfyaan. l-a- a-t-s-l-t h-t-y-a-. ------------------------ lqad aitasalat hatfyaan.
I was talking on the phone all the time. ‫ا---ت -ا-ها---طي-- ال---.‬ ‫اتصلت بالهاتف طيلة الوقت.‬ ‫-ت-ل- ب-ل-ا-ف ط-ل- ا-و-ت-‬ --------------------------- ‫اتصلت بالهاتف طيلة الوقت.‬ 0
a---ila-----lh-tif--i--- -lw--ta. atasilat bialhatif tilat alwaqta. a-a-i-a- b-a-h-t-f t-l-t a-w-q-a- --------------------------------- atasilat bialhatif tilat alwaqta.
to ask ي-أ-. يسأل. ي-أ-. ----- يسأل. 0
y-s'--. yas'al. y-s-a-. ------- yas'al.
I asked. ‫-د-سأ--.‬ ‫قد سألت.‬ ‫-د س-ل-.- ---------- ‫قد سألت.‬ 0
q- sa-a-t-. qd sa'alta. q- s-'-l-a- ----------- qd sa'alta.
I always asked. ‫كن--دا--اً -سأ-.‬ ‫كنت دائما- أسأل.‬ ‫-ن- د-ئ-ا- أ-أ-.- ------------------ ‫كنت دائماً أسأل.‬ 0
kunt-da--a------'al. kunt daymaan 'as'al. k-n- d-y-a-n '-s-a-. -------------------- kunt daymaan 'as'al.
to narrate ي-ك--ي-وي. يحكي يروي. ي-ك- ي-و-. ---------- يحكي يروي. 0
y-h-i-ya--i. yahki yarwi. y-h-i y-r-i- ------------ yahki yarwi.
I narrated. ‫ل-د ---ت-‬ ‫لقد رويت.‬ ‫-ق- ر-ي-.- ----------- ‫لقد رويت.‬ 0
lqa- ----t. lqad rawit. l-a- r-w-t- ----------- lqad rawit.
I narrated the whole story. ‫----ر--ت --ق-- بكاملها.‬ ‫لقد رويت القصة بكاملها.‬ ‫-ق- ر-ي- ا-ق-ة ب-ا-ل-ا-‬ ------------------------- ‫لقد رويت القصة بكاملها.‬ 0
l-a--raw-y- --q---t b---mil--a. lqad rawayt alqisat bikamiliha. l-a- r-w-y- a-q-s-t b-k-m-l-h-. ------------------------------- lqad rawayt alqisat bikamiliha.
to study ي-ع---ي--كر. يتعلم يذاكر. ي-ع-م ي-ا-ر- ------------ يتعلم يذاكر. 0
y--ae-lam-y--h-k--. yataealam yadhakir. y-t-e-l-m y-d-a-i-. ------------------- yataealam yadhakir.
I studied. ‫--- -ع-مت - -اكرت-‬ ‫لقد تعلمت / ذاكرت.‬ ‫-ق- ت-ل-ت / ذ-ك-ت-‬ -------------------- ‫لقد تعلمت / ذاكرت.‬ 0
l--d ta-l--- / ---kar--. lqad taelamt / dhakarta. l-a- t-e-a-t / d-a-a-t-. ------------------------ lqad taelamt / dhakarta.
I studied the whole evening. ‫--- ذ--ر--طيلة --مس-ء.‬ ‫لقد ذاكرت طيلة المساء.‬ ‫-ق- ذ-ك-ت ط-ل- ا-م-ا-.- ------------------------ ‫لقد ذاكرت طيلة المساء.‬ 0
l--- -hak-rt------ al--sa'a. lqad dhakart tilat almasa'a. l-a- d-a-a-t t-l-t a-m-s-'-. ---------------------------- lqad dhakart tilat almasa'a.
to work ي---ل. يشتغل. ي-ت-ل- ------ يشتغل. 0
ya-hta-hi-. yashtaghil. y-s-t-g-i-. ----------- yashtaghil.
I worked. ‫-قد---تغ---‬ ‫لقد اشتغلت.‬ ‫-ق- ا-ت-ل-.- ------------- ‫لقد اشتغلت.‬ 0
lqad as-t-g-alata. lqad ashtaghalata. l-a- a-h-a-h-l-t-. ------------------ lqad ashtaghalata.
I worked all day long. ‫ل---اشتغلت-ط--ة--ل---ر-‬ ‫لقد اشتغلت طيلة النهار.‬ ‫-ق- ا-ت-ل- ط-ل- ا-ن-ا-.- ------------------------- ‫لقد اشتغلت طيلة النهار.‬ 0
lq-d-a-sh-------t til-- -ln-har. lqad aishtaghalat tilat alnahar. l-a- a-s-t-g-a-a- t-l-t a-n-h-r- -------------------------------- lqad aishtaghalat tilat alnahar.
to eat ي---. يأكل. ي-ك-. ----- يأكل. 0
yaku-. yakul. y-k-l- ------ yakul.
I ate. ‫--د----ت.‬ ‫لقد أكلت.‬ ‫-ق- أ-ل-.- ----------- ‫لقد أكلت.‬ 0
l--d ---l--a. lqad 'aklata. l-a- '-k-a-a- ------------- lqad 'aklata.
I ate all the food. ‫لقد -ك-ت -ل -لط--م.‬ ‫لقد أكلت كل الطعام.‬ ‫-ق- أ-ل- ك- ا-ط-ا-.- --------------------- ‫لقد أكلت كل الطعام.‬ 0
l----'----a- kl---l-aeam-. lqad 'akalat klu altaeama. l-a- '-k-l-t k-u a-t-e-m-. -------------------------- lqad 'akalat klu altaeama.

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The history of linguistics

Languages have always fascinated mankind. The history of linguistics is therefore very long. Linguistics is the systematic study of language. Even thousands of years ago people contemplated language. In doing so, different cultures developed different systems. As a result, different descriptions of languages emerged. Today's linguistics are based on ancient theories more than anything else. Many traditions were established in Greece in particular. The oldest known work about language comes from India, however. It was written 3,000 years ago by the grammarian Sakatayana. In ancient times, philosophers like Plato busied themselves with languages. Later, Roman authors developed their theories further. Arabians, too, developed their own traditions in the 8th century. Even then, their works show precise descriptions of the Arabian language. In modern times, man particularly wanted to research where language comes from. Scholars were especially interested in the history of language. In the 18th century, people started to compare languages with each other. They wanted to understand how languages develop. Later they concentrated on languages as a system. The question of how languages function was the focal point. Today, a great number of schools of thought exist within linguistics. Many new disciplines have developed since the fifties. These were in part strongly influenced by other sciences. Examples are psycholinguistics or intercultural communication. The newer linguistic schools of thought are very specialized. One example of this is feminist linguistics. So the history of linguistics continues… As long as there are languages, man will contemplate them!