میں-نے ٹی-ی-ون کر-ل-- ہے -
میں نے ٹیلیفون کر لیا ہے -
-ی- ن- ٹ-ل-ف-ن ک- ل-ا ہ- --
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میں نے ٹیلیفون کر لیا ہے - 0 me--------l---o---kar----- h-i--mein ne telephone kar liya hai -m-i- n- t-l-p-o-e k-r l-y- h-i ---------------------------------mein ne telephone kar liya hai -
--ں---رے --- ٹی-یفون ک--- رہا -
میں پورے وقت ٹیلیفون کرتا رہا -
-ی- پ-ر- و-ت ٹ-ل-ف-ن ک-ت- ر-ا --
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میں پورے وقت ٹیلیفون کرتا رہا - 0 m--n p-oor-y w-q- t----hone k-rta r-ha--mein poooray waqt telephone karta raha -m-i- p-o-r-y w-q- t-l-p-o-e k-r-a r-h- -----------------------------------------mein poooray waqt telephone karta raha -
------ -و-ھ-ل-- -ے-
میں نے پوچھ لیا ہے-
-ی- ن- پ-چ- ل-ا ہ---
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میں نے پوچھ لیا ہے- 0 m--n -e p-och l-ya---i--mein ne pooch liya hai -m-i- n- p-o-h l-y- h-i -------------------------mein ne pooch liya hai -
-یں-ن--سیکھ-لیا-ہ- -
میں نے سیکھ لیا ہے -
-ی- ن- س-ک- ل-ا ہ- --
----------------------
میں نے سیکھ لیا ہے - 0 m--n--e --e-h ---a hai--mein ne seekh liya hai -m-i- n- s-e-h l-y- h-i -------------------------mein ne seekh liya hai -
م---ن----م--ر-----ہے -
میں نے کام کر لیا ہے -
-ی- ن- ک-م ک- ل-ا ہ- --
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میں نے کام کر لیا ہے - 0 me-n-ne --am -a- l-y--h-i--mein ne kaam kar liya hai -m-i- n- k-a- k-r l-y- h-i ----------------------------mein ne kaam kar liya hai -
-یں ---ا-دن -ا- کر-ا-رہا--
میں پورا دن کام کرتا رہا -
-ی- پ-ر- د- ک-م ک-ت- ر-ا --
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میں پورا دن کام کرتا رہا - 0 mein -oo-- -in -aam -ar-- r-h- -mein poora din kaam karta raha -m-i- p-o-a d-n k-a- k-r-a r-h- ---------------------------------mein poora din kaam karta raha -
-یں ---کھا-لیا-ہ--
میں نے کھا لیا ہے-
-ی- ن- ک-ا ل-ا ہ---
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میں نے کھا لیا ہے- 0 mei- ne k-- ---- hai -mein ne kha liya hai -m-i- n- k-a l-y- h-i -----------------------mein ne kha liya hai -
-ی--ن---ا-ا--ھ----ک-ا --- ---
میں نے سارا کھانا کھا لیا ہے-
-ی- ن- س-ر- ک-ا-ا ک-ا ل-ا ہ---
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میں نے سارا کھانا کھا لیا ہے- 0 mei---e-s-r- ----a --- ---- -a---mein ne sara khana kha liya hai -m-i- n- s-r- k-a-a k-a l-y- h-i ----------------------------------mein ne sara khana kha liya hai -
Languages have always fascinated mankind.
The history of linguistics is therefore very long.
Linguistics is the systematic study of language.
Even thousands of years ago people contemplated language.
In doing so, different cultures developed different systems.
As a result, different descriptions of languages emerged.
Today's linguistics are based on ancient theories more than anything else.
Many traditions were established in Greece in particular.
The oldest known work about language comes from India, however.
It was written 3,000 years ago by the grammarian Sakatayana.
In ancient times, philosophers like Plato busied themselves with languages.
Later, Roman authors developed their theories further.
Arabians, too, developed their own traditions in the 8th century.
Even then, their works show precise descriptions of the Arabian language.
In modern times, man particularly wanted to research where language comes from.
Scholars were especially interested in the history of language.
In the 18th century, people started to compare languages with each other.
They wanted to understand how languages develop.
Later they concentrated on languages as a system.
The question of how languages function was the focal point.
Today, a great number of schools of thought exist within linguistics.
Many new disciplines have developed since the fifties.
These were in part strongly influenced by other sciences.
Examples are psycholinguistics or intercultural communication.
The newer linguistic schools of thought are very specialized.
One example of this is feminist linguistics.
So the history of linguistics continues…
As long as there are languages, man will contemplate them!