Phrasebook

en At the restaurant 1   »   fa ‫دررستوران 1‬

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

‫29 [بیست و نه]‬

29 [bist-o-noh]

‫دررستوران 1‬

[dar resturân 1]

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Is this table taken? ‫--ا-ا---م-- خالی -س--‬ ‫آیا این میز خالی است؟‬ ‫-ی- ا-ن م-ز خ-ل- ا-ت-‬ ----------------------- ‫آیا این میز خالی است؟‬ 0
ây- i--m-- -hâ---ast? âyâ in miz khâli ast? â-â i- m-z k-â-i a-t- --------------------- âyâ in miz khâli ast?
I would like the menu, please. ‫لطف-ً-لیس- --ا -ا ب---ن-بده-د.‬ ‫لطفا- لیست غذا را به من بدهید.‬ ‫-ط-ا- ل-س- غ-ا ر- ب- م- ب-ه-د-‬ -------------------------------- ‫لطفاً لیست غذا را به من بدهید.‬ 0
lot-----i-t-e ----- -â-b- -a- b-da-id. lotfan list-e ghazâ râ be man bedahid. l-t-a- l-s--- g-a-â r- b- m-n b-d-h-d- -------------------------------------- lotfan list-e ghazâ râ be man bedahid.
What would you recommend? ‫--ص-ه--ما چ--ت؟‬ ‫توصیه شما چیست؟‬ ‫-و-ی- ش-ا چ-س-؟- ----------------- ‫توصیه شما چیست؟‬ 0
to-ie-y- -h-mâ ---st? tosie-ye shomâ chist? t-s-e-y- s-o-â c-i-t- --------------------- tosie-ye shomâ chist?
I’d like a beer. ‫-- آبجو مى ----م-‬ ‫یک آبجو مى خواهم.‬ ‫-ک آ-ج- م- خ-ا-م-‬ ------------------- ‫یک آبجو مى خواهم.‬ 0
y----be-j-----m-n ---hâ-a-. yek âbe-jo be man mikhâham. y-k â-e-j- b- m-n m-k-â-a-. --------------------------- yek âbe-jo be man mikhâham.
I’d like a mineral water. ‫یک-آ- --د-ی -ى خ--ه--‬ ‫یک آب معدنی مى خواهم.‬ ‫-ک آ- م-د-ی م- خ-ا-م-‬ ----------------------- ‫یک آب معدنی مى خواهم.‬ 0
y-k âbe-ma-a-a-i -- ma----------. yek âbe ma-adani be man mikhâham. y-k â-e m---d-n- b- m-n m-k-â-a-. --------------------------------- yek âbe ma-adani be man mikhâham.
I’d like an orange juice. ‫ی- -- -رت-ا---ى-خ-ا---‬ ‫یک آب پرتقال مى خواهم.‬ ‫-ک آ- پ-ت-ا- م- خ-ا-م-‬ ------------------------ ‫یک آب پرتقال مى خواهم.‬ 0
ye- â-------egh-l------n m-k--ha-. yek âbe porteghâl be man mikhâham. y-k â-e p-r-e-h-l b- m-n m-k-â-a-. ---------------------------------- yek âbe porteghâl be man mikhâham.
I’d like a coffee. ‫یک-ق--ه-مى---اهم-‬ ‫یک قهوه مى خواهم.‬ ‫-ک ق-و- م- خ-ا-م-‬ ------------------- ‫یک قهوه مى خواهم.‬ 0
ye----a-----e-m-n --k----m. yek ghahve be man mikhâham. y-k g-a-v- b- m-n m-k-â-a-. --------------------------- yek ghahve be man mikhâham.
I’d like a coffee with milk. ‫ی- -ه-ه-ب--شی--مى ---هم.‬ ‫یک قهوه با شیر مى خواهم.‬ ‫-ک ق-و- ب- ش-ر م- خ-ا-م-‬ -------------------------- ‫یک قهوه با شیر مى خواهم.‬ 0
y-k -ha-v- ------r--- --- m-k-----. yek ghahve bâ shir be man mikhâham. y-k g-a-v- b- s-i- b- m-n m-k-â-a-. ----------------------------------- yek ghahve bâ shir be man mikhâham.
With sugar, please. ‫---ش-ر،---ف--‬ ‫با شکر، لطفآ ‬ ‫-ا ش-ر- ل-ف- ‬ --------------- ‫با شکر، لطفآ ‬ 0
bâ-s----r,-lo--an bâ shekar, lotfan b- s-e-a-, l-t-a- ----------------- bâ shekar, lotfan
I’d like a tea. ‫-- ------‌خ--هم-‬ ‫من چای می-خواهم.‬ ‫-ن چ-ی م-‌-و-ه-.- ------------------ ‫من چای می‌خواهم.‬ 0
m-- ye--ch--- ---hâ-am. man yek châye mikhâham. m-n y-k c-â-e m-k-â-a-. ----------------------- man yek châye mikhâham.
I’d like a tea with lemon. ‫م---ای ----یمو----خو----‬ ‫من چای با لیمو می-خواهم.‬ ‫-ن چ-ی ب- ل-م- م-‌-و-ه-.- -------------------------- ‫من چای با لیمو می‌خواهم.‬ 0
man-y-k---âye--â-li-u--i---ham. man yek châye bâ limu mikhâham. m-n y-k c-â-e b- l-m- m-k-â-a-. ------------------------------- man yek châye bâ limu mikhâham.
I’d like a tea with milk. ‫-ن-چ-ی با -یر می-----م-‬ ‫من چای با شیر می-خواهم.‬ ‫-ن چ-ی ب- ش-ر م-‌-و-ه-.- ------------------------- ‫من چای با شیر می‌خواهم.‬ 0
man y-k-c-â-e-b- -hi------â--m. man yek châye bâ shir mikhâham. m-n y-k c-â-e b- s-i- m-k-â-a-. ------------------------------- man yek châye bâ shir mikhâham.
Do you have cigarettes? ‫--گ-ر --ر--؟‬ ‫سیگار دارید؟‬ ‫-ی-ا- د-ر-د-‬ -------------- ‫سیگار دارید؟‬ 0
s--âr--â-i-? sigâr dârid? s-g-r d-r-d- ------------ sigâr dârid?
Do you have an ashtray? ‫ز-ر--گار--دا--د؟‬ ‫زیرسیگاری دارید؟‬ ‫-ی-س-گ-ر- د-ر-د-‬ ------------------ ‫زیرسیگاری دارید؟‬ 0
z------âri dâ-i-? zir sigâri dârid? z-r s-g-r- d-r-d- ----------------- zir sigâri dârid?
Do you have a light? ‫کب-ی-/--د----ری--‬ ‫کبریت/فندک دارید؟‬ ‫-ب-ی-/-ن-ک د-ر-د-‬ ------------------- ‫کبریت/فندک دارید؟‬ 0
kebrit dâri-? kebrit dârid? k-b-i- d-r-d- ------------- kebrit dârid?
I’m missing a fork. ‫-ن چ-گ-ل ------‬ ‫من چنگال ندارم.‬ ‫-ن چ-گ-ل ن-ا-م-‬ ----------------- ‫من چنگال ندارم.‬ 0
m---ch------na--r-m. man changâl nadâram. m-n c-a-g-l n-d-r-m- -------------------- man changâl nadâram.
I’m missing a knife. ‫-ن-کارد ----م-‬ ‫من کارد ندارم.‬ ‫-ن ک-ر- ن-ا-م-‬ ---------------- ‫من کارد ندارم.‬ 0
m----âr--n-d-r-m. man kârd nadâram. m-n k-r- n-d-r-m- ----------------- man kârd nadâram.
I’m missing a spoon. ‫-----شق -دا--.‬ ‫من قاشق ندارم.‬ ‫-ن ق-ش- ن-ا-م-‬ ---------------- ‫من قاشق ندارم.‬ 0
m-n -hâ-hogh-n---r--. man ghâshogh nadâram. m-n g-â-h-g- n-d-r-m- --------------------- man ghâshogh nadâram.

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Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
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Macedonian is the native language of around 2 million people. It is counted among the South Slavic languages. It is most closely related to Bulgarian. Speakers of both languages can communicate with each other easily. The two languages differ from each other more in their written forms. There have always been many different ethnic groups in Macedonia. Naturally, this is also apparent in the vernacular. It has been influenced by numerous other languages. The neighbouring country of Serbia has especially influenced the Macedonian language. The vocabulary contains many terms from Russian, Turkish, and English. Such linguistic variety does not exist in many countries. That is why it has been difficult for Macedonian to establish itself as its own language. Macedonian literature has especially suffered from this situation. Macedonian is now considered an established standard language. For this reason, it is an important part of the Macedonian identity.