Phrasebook

en At the restaurant 1   »   uk В ресторані 1

29 [twenty-nine]

At the restaurant 1

At the restaurant 1

29 [двадцять дев’ять]

29 [dvadtsyatʹ devʺyatʹ]

В ресторані 1

[V restorani 1]

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Is this table taken? Чи -------- в---ни-? Чи цей стіл вільний? Ч- ц-й с-і- в-л-н-й- -------------------- Чи цей стіл вільний? 0
Ch- --ey̆-------il-n--̆? Chy tsey- stil vilʹnyy-? C-y t-e-̆ s-i- v-l-n-y-? ------------------------ Chy tsey̆ stil vilʹnyy̆?
I would like the menu, please. Я -о-і- ---/---тіл- б--е-ю,-будь-ласк-. Я хотів би / хотіла б меню, будь-ласка. Я х-т-в б- / х-т-л- б м-н-, б-д---а-к-. --------------------------------------- Я хотів би / хотіла б меню, будь-ласка. 0
Y- k-otiv-b- /-k-oti-a b-m----,--ud--l-s--. YA khotiv by / khotila b menyu, budʹ-laska. Y- k-o-i- b- / k-o-i-a b m-n-u- b-d---a-k-. ------------------------------------------- YA khotiv by / khotila b menyu, budʹ-laska.
What would you recommend? Щ--Ви---жет- -орад---? Що Ви можете порадити? Щ- В- м-ж-т- п-р-д-т-? ---------------------- Що Ви можете порадити? 0
Shch- V- m-z--te por-dy-y? Shcho Vy mozhete poradyty? S-c-o V- m-z-e-e p-r-d-t-? -------------------------- Shcho Vy mozhete poradyty?
I’d like a beer. Я-б--и----- ---и------о. Я б випив / випила пиво. Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- п-в-. ------------------------ Я б випив / випила пиво. 0
Y--------- / --p--a p---. YA b vypyv / vypyla pyvo. Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- p-v-. ------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla pyvo.
I’d like a mineral water. Я --в-пи- --випил- мі------ну --ду. Я б випив / випила мінеральну воду. Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- м-н-р-л-н- в-д-. ----------------------------------- Я б випив / випила мінеральну воду. 0
Y--b-v-py- ---ypy-a--in--a---- -o-u. YA b vypyv / vypyla mineralʹnu vodu. Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- m-n-r-l-n- v-d-. ------------------------------------ YA b vypyv / vypyla mineralʹnu vodu.
I’d like an orange juice. Я------ив-- в--ил----ма--нчевий--ік. Я б випив / випила помаранчевий сік. Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- п-м-р-н-е-и- с-к- ------------------------------------ Я б випив / випила помаранчевий сік. 0
YA-b-vyp---/ -y--la---ma-anc---y-̆-s--. YA b vypyv / vypyla pomaranchevyy- sik. Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- p-m-r-n-h-v-y- s-k- --------------------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla pomaranchevyy̆ sik.
I’d like a coffee. Я-б-випи--- ---и---к-ву. Я б випив / випила каву. Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- к-в-. ------------------------ Я б випив / випила каву. 0
Y- - vy-y--/-v-p--- -a--. YA b vypyv / vypyla kavu. Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- k-v-. ------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla kavu.
I’d like a coffee with milk. Я --ви-ив-- ----л----ву-з-мол-к--. Я б випив / випила каву з молоком. Я б в-п-в / в-п-л- к-в- з м-л-к-м- ---------------------------------- Я б випив / випила каву з молоком. 0
Y--b vyp-- --v-p-la k------mo-ok--. YA b vypyv / vypyla kavu z molokom. Y- b v-p-v / v-p-l- k-v- z m-l-k-m- ----------------------------------- YA b vypyv / vypyla kavu z molokom.
With sugar, please. З-ц-----, -удь----к-. З цукром, будь-ласка. З ц-к-о-, б-д---а-к-. --------------------- З цукром, будь-ласка. 0
Z -su-ro-,-b-d---as--. Z tsukrom, budʹ-laska. Z t-u-r-m- b-d---a-k-. ---------------------- Z tsukrom, budʹ-laska.
I’d like a tea. Я --ч- ч--. Я хочу чаю. Я х-ч- ч-ю- ----------- Я хочу чаю. 0
YA ----hu-ch--u. YA khochu chayu. Y- k-o-h- c-a-u- ---------------- YA khochu chayu.
I’d like a tea with lemon. Я--о---чаю з лимо--м. Я хочу чаю з лимоном. Я х-ч- ч-ю з л-м-н-м- --------------------- Я хочу чаю з лимоном. 0
Y--kho-hu c-a-- - --mo--m. YA khochu chayu z lymonom. Y- k-o-h- c-a-u z l-m-n-m- -------------------------- YA khochu chayu z lymonom.
I’d like a tea with milk. Я х--у---ю---м---к-м. Я хочу чаю з молоком. Я х-ч- ч-ю з м-л-к-м- --------------------- Я хочу чаю з молоком. 0
Y----oc-u--h-yu z------o-. YA khochu chayu z molokom. Y- k-o-h- c-a-u z m-l-k-m- -------------------------- YA khochu chayu z molokom.
Do you have cigarettes? В- м---- ц-г-рки? Ви маєте цигарки? В- м-є-е ц-г-р-и- ----------------- Ви маєте цигарки? 0
Vy---y-t--t--h-r-y? Vy mayete tsyharky? V- m-y-t- t-y-a-k-? ------------------- Vy mayete tsyharky?
Do you have an ashtray? Ви має-е п-пі-----ку? Ви маєте попільничку? В- м-є-е п-п-л-н-ч-у- --------------------- Ви маєте попільничку? 0
V--m-yete -opi-ʹ--c-k-? Vy mayete popilʹnychku? V- m-y-t- p-p-l-n-c-k-? ----------------------- Vy mayete popilʹnychku?
Do you have a light? Ма-те з-па--ни-к-? Маєте запальничку? М-є-е з-п-л-н-ч-у- ------------------ Маєте запальничку? 0
M--ete--apalʹn--hku? Mayete zapalʹnychku? M-y-t- z-p-l-n-c-k-? -------------------- Mayete zapalʹnychku?
I’m missing a fork. Я--е--аю -и-----. Я не маю виделки. Я н- м-ю в-д-л-и- ----------------- Я не маю виделки. 0
Y- -e-m-yu-vy----y. YA ne mayu vydelky. Y- n- m-y- v-d-l-y- ------------------- YA ne mayu vydelky.
I’m missing a knife. Я -е-м-ю-но--. Я не маю ножа. Я н- м-ю н-ж-. -------------- Я не маю ножа. 0
Y- ---m-yu--ozha. YA ne mayu nozha. Y- n- m-y- n-z-a- ----------------- YA ne mayu nozha.
I’m missing a spoon. Я-----а- -о---. Я не маю ложки. Я н- м-ю л-ж-и- --------------- Я не маю ложки. 0
YA-----a-u--o--k-. YA ne mayu lozhky. Y- n- m-y- l-z-k-. ------------------ YA ne mayu lozhky.

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Grammar prevents lies!

Every language has particular features. But some also have characteristics that are unique worldwide. Among these languages is Trio. Trio is a Native American language in South America. Around 2,000 people in Brazil and Suriname speak it. What makes Trio special is its grammar. Because it forces its speakers to always tell the truth. The so-called frustrative ending is responsible for this. This ending is added to verbs in Trio. It indicates how true a sentence is. A simple example explains how exactly it works. Let's take the sentence The child went to school. In Trio, the speaker has to add a certain ending onto the verb. Through the ending he is able to communicate whether he saw the child himself. But he can also express that he only knows it from speaking to others. Or he says through the ending that he knows it's a lie. So the speaker has to commit to what he is saying. Meaning, he must communicate how true a statement is. In this way he cannot keep anything a secret or sugarcoat anything. If a Trio speaker leaves the ending off, he is deemed a liar. In Suriname the official language is Dutch. Translations from Dutch into Trio are often problematic. Because most languages are much less precise. They make it possible for the speakers to be vague. Therefore, interpreters don't always commit to what they are saying. The communication with Trio speakers is thereby difficult. Perhaps the frustrative ending would be helpful in other languages too!? Not only in the language of politics…
Did you know?
Macedonian is the native language of around 2 million people. It is counted among the South Slavic languages. It is most closely related to Bulgarian. Speakers of both languages can communicate with each other easily. The two languages differ from each other more in their written forms. There have always been many different ethnic groups in Macedonia. Naturally, this is also apparent in the vernacular. It has been influenced by numerous other languages. The neighbouring country of Serbia has especially influenced the Macedonian language. The vocabulary contains many terms from Russian, Turkish, and English. Such linguistic variety does not exist in many countries. That is why it has been difficult for Macedonian to establish itself as its own language. Macedonian literature has especially suffered from this situation. Macedonian is now considered an established standard language. For this reason, it is an important part of the Macedonian identity.