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13 [thirteen]

Activities

Activities

13 [пшIыкIущы]

13 [pshIykIushhy]

IофшIэн лъэпкъхэр

[IofshIjen ljepkhjer]

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What does Martha do? Мартэ---да ы-I----? М---- с--- ы------- М-р-э с-д- ы-I-р-р- ------------------- Мартэ сыда ышIэрэр? 0
Ma------y-- y---j-r-er? M----- s--- y---------- M-r-j- s-d- y-h-j-r-e-? ----------------------- Martje syda yshIjerjer?
She works at an office. А- офи-ы----ф-щ-шIэ. А- о----- I-- щ----- А- о-и-ы- I-ф щ-ш-э- -------------------- Ащ офисым Iоф щешIэ. 0
Ashh---i------- -hhe--Ij-. A--- o----- I-- s--------- A-h- o-i-y- I-f s-h-s-I-e- -------------------------- Ashh ofisym Iof shheshIje.
She works on the computer. Ар-к-мп------м -э-а--э. А- к---------- р------- А- к-м-ь-т-р-м р-л-ж-э- ----------------------- Ар компьютерым рэлажьэ. 0
Ar --m--jutery--r-e---h'j-. A- k----------- r---------- A- k-m-'-u-e-y- r-e-a-h-j-. --------------------------- Ar komp'juterym rjelazh'je.
Where is Martha? Мар-----д----I? М---- т--- щ--- М-р-э т-д- щ-I- --------------- Мартэ тыдэ щыI? 0
M----- -y-j-----y-? M----- t---- s----- M-r-j- t-d-e s-h-I- ------------------- Martje tydje shhyI?
At the cinema. Кином ---. К---- щ--- К-н-м щ-I- ---------- Кином щыI. 0
Kin---sh-yI. K---- s----- K-n-m s-h-I- ------------ Kinom shhyI.
She is watching a film. Ар--ил-мэ- -п---. А- ф------ е----- А- ф-л-м-м е-л-ы- ----------------- Ар фильмэм еплъы. 0
Ar--i-'m-em-e-ly. A- f------- e---- A- f-l-m-e- e-l-. ----------------- Ar fil'mjem eply.
What does Peter do? П-----ыда ышIэр-р? П--- с--- ы------- П-т- с-д- ы-I-р-р- ------------------ Пётр сыда ышIэрэр? 0
Pj--r -y-a-yshIj---er? P---- s--- y---------- P-o-r s-d- y-h-j-r-e-? ---------------------- Pjotr syda yshIjerjer?
He studies at the university. Ар унив-р-и--тым щ-д--. А- у------------ щ----- А- у-и-е-с-т-т-м щ-д-э- ----------------------- Ар университетым щеджэ. 0
A-----v--sit--y- ---e--hj-. A- u------------ s--------- A- u-i-e-s-t-t-m s-h-d-h-e- --------------------------- Ar universitetym shhedzhje.
He studies languages. Ащ---эхэ- з-ре-ъашIэ-. А- б----- з----------- А- б-э-э- з-р-г-а-I-х- ---------------------- Ащ бзэхэр зэрегъашIэх. 0
A--h --j---er-zjer-g-shI-e-. A--- b------- z------------- A-h- b-j-h-e- z-e-e-a-h-j-h- ---------------------------- Ashh bzjehjer zjeregashIjeh.
Where is Peter? П----ты-э-щыI? П--- т--- щ--- П-т- т-д- щ-I- -------------- Пётр тыдэ щыI? 0
P---- ---je-s-hyI? P---- t---- s----- P-o-r t-d-e s-h-I- ------------------ Pjotr tydje shhyI?
At the café. К--эм--ы-. К---- щ--- К-ф-м щ-I- ---------- Кафэм щыI. 0
K--jem-shh--. K----- s----- K-f-e- s-h-I- ------------- Kafjem shhyI.
He is drinking coffee. Ар----- -ш-о. А- к--- е---- А- к-ф- е-ъ-. ------------- Ар кофе ешъо. 0
Ar k-f- -sho. A- k--- e---- A- k-f- e-h-. ------------- Ar kofe esho.
Where do they like to go? Тэд- ----хэ---х-м -кI--? Т--- к------ а--- я----- Т-д- к-о-х-р а-э- я-I-с- ------------------------ Тэдэ кIонхэр ахэм якIас? 0
Tje--- kIo--j---a---m----Ias? T----- k------- a---- j------ T-e-j- k-o-h-e- a-j-m j-k-a-? ----------------------------- Tjedje kIonhjer ahjem jakIas?
To a concert. Ко-цер-ым. К--------- К-н-е-т-м- ---------- Концертым. 0
K-nc-rt-m. K--------- K-n-e-t-m- ---------- Koncertym.
They like to listen to music. М-з---- -дэIун--р -хэм--к-а-. М------ е-------- а--- я----- М-з-к-м е-э-у-х-р а-э- я-I-с- ----------------------------- Музыкэм едэIунхэр ахэм якIас. 0
M-z-kje--e-jeIu-hje--a--e- --kIa-. M------- e---------- a---- j------ M-z-k-e- e-j-I-n-j-r a-j-m j-k-a-. ---------------------------------- Muzykjem edjeIunhjer ahjem jakIas.
Where do they not like to go? А--м ---а-зы-э-Iо-хэ- я-ы---с-р? А--- т--- з---------- я--------- А-э- т-д- з-д-к-о-х-р я-ы-I-с-р- -------------------------------- Ахэм тыда зыдэкIонхэр ямыкIасэр? 0
Ahje- -yda zy-je--o----r--am----sje-? A---- t--- z------------ j----------- A-j-m t-d- z-d-e-I-n-j-r j-m-k-a-j-r- ------------------------------------- Ahjem tyda zydjekIonhjer jamykIasjer?
To the disco. Дис-о----- ары. Д--------- а--- Д-с-о-е-э- а-ы- --------------- Дискотекэр ары. 0
Di--o--kj---ary. D---------- a--- D-s-o-e-j-r a-y- ---------------- Diskotekjer ary.
They do not like to dance. Ах---к--шъ-ны--я---с-п. А--- к-------- я------- А-э- к-э-ъ-н-р я-I-с-п- ----------------------- Ахэм къэшъоныр якIасэп. 0
A-----kj--h-n-- j--Ia--ep. A---- k-------- j--------- A-j-m k-e-h-n-r j-k-a-j-p- -------------------------- Ahjem kjeshonyr jakIasjep.

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Creole Languages

Did you know that German is spoken in the South Pacific? It's really true! In parts of Papua New Guinea and Australia, people speak Unserdeutsch . It is a Creole language. Creole languages emerge in language contact situations. That is, when multiple different languages encounter one another. By now, many Creole languages are almost extinct. But worldwide 15 million people still speak a Creole language. Creole languages are always native languages. It's different with Pidgin languages. Pidgin languages are very simplified forms of speech. They are only good for very basic communication. Most Creole languages originated in the colonial era. Therefore, Creole languages are often based on European languages. One characteristic of Creole languages is a limited vocabulary. Creole languages have their own phonology too. The grammar of Creole languages is heavily simplified. Complicated rules are simply ignored by the speakers. Each Creole language is an important component of national identity. As a result, there is a lot of literature written in Creole languages. Creole languages are especially interesting for linguists. This is because they demonstrate how languages develop and later die out. So the development of language can be studied in Creole languages. They also prove that languages can change and adapt. The discipline used to research Creole languages is Creolistics, or Creology. One of the best-known sentences in the Creole language comes from Jamaica. Bob Marley made it world famous – do you know it? It's No woman, no cry! (= No, woman, don't cry!)
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