Phrasebook

em big – small   »   uk Великий – малий

68 [sixty-eight]

big – small

big – small

68 [шістдесят вісім]

68 [shistdesyat visim]

Великий – малий

[Velykyy̆ – malyy̆]

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big and small Ве------і--ал-й В------ і м---- В-л-к-й і м-л-й --------------- Великий і малий 0
Vel-k-y--i m----̆ V------- i m----- V-l-k-y- i m-l-y- ----------------- Velykyy̆ i malyy̆
The elephant is big. С-он в-л--и-. С--- в------- С-о- в-л-к-й- ------------- Слон великий. 0
Slon vely---̆. S--- v-------- S-o- v-l-k-y-. -------------- Slon velykyy̆.
The mouse is small. Ми-- м-л-н--а. М--- м-------- М-ш- м-л-н-к-. -------------- Миша маленька. 0
M--ha m--e--k-. M---- m-------- M-s-a m-l-n-k-. --------------- Mysha malenʹka.
dark and bright Те-------я--ий Т----- і я---- Т-м-и- і я-н-й -------------- Темний і ясний 0
Tem-yy--- y-snyy̆ T------ i y------ T-m-y-̆ i y-s-y-̆ ----------------- Temnyy̆ i yasnyy̆
The night is dark. Н-ч -е---. Н-- т----- Н-ч т-м-а- ---------- Ніч темна. 0
N--- -em--. N--- t----- N-c- t-m-a- ----------- Nich temna.
The day is bright. Д-нь яс-ий. Д--- я----- Д-н- я-н-й- ----------- День ясний. 0
D-nʹ y-snyy-. D--- y------- D-n- y-s-y-̆- ------------- Denʹ yasnyy̆.
old and young ст-р-- і-м-ло-ий с----- і м------ с-а-и- і м-л-д-й ---------------- старий і молодий 0
s-ar--- - -o--d--̆ s------ i m------- s-a-y-̆ i m-l-d-y- ------------------ staryy̆ i molodyy̆
Our grandfather is very old. Наш-д-д --же ---рий. Н-- д-- д--- с------ Н-ш д-д д-ж- с-а-и-. -------------------- Наш дід дуже старий. 0
N-s- -i--du--- sta-y-̆. N--- d-- d---- s------- N-s- d-d d-z-e s-a-y-̆- ----------------------- Nash did duzhe staryy̆.
70 years ago he was still young. 7-----ів то-у-----бу- ------о---. 7- р---- т--- в-- б-- щ- м------- 7- р-к-в т-м- в-н б-в щ- м-л-д-й- --------------------------------- 70 років тому він був ще молодий. 0
7- ro--v-t-mu --n------hc-- m-lo-yy-. 7- r---- t--- v-- b-- s---- m-------- 7- r-k-v t-m- v-n b-v s-c-e m-l-d-y-. ------------------------------------- 70 rokiv tomu vin buv shche molodyy̆.
beautiful and ugly гар-и--і--гидн-й г----- і о------ г-р-и- і о-и-н-й ---------------- гарний і огидний 0
h-rn-y̆ i -h--ny-̆ h------ i o------- h-r-y-̆ i o-y-n-y- ------------------ harnyy̆ i ohydnyy̆
The butterfly is beautiful. М-тел-- --р-и-. М------ г------ М-т-л-к г-р-и-. --------------- Метелик гарний. 0
M----yk-ha-ny--. M------ h------- M-t-l-k h-r-y-̆- ---------------- Metelyk harnyy̆.
The spider is ugly. Па-у- -гидн-й. П---- о------- П-в-к о-и-н-й- -------------- Павук огидний. 0
P--uk --ydnyy-. P---- o-------- P-v-k o-y-n-y-. --------------- Pavuk ohydnyy̆.
fat and thin т--ст-- і --д-й т------ і х---- т-в-т-й і х-д-й --------------- товстий і худий 0
to--t--- i k-u--y̆ t------- i k------ t-v-t-y- i k-u-y-̆ ------------------ tovstyy̆ i khudyy̆
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. Жін-а в-гою--0---іл--р-м-----вст-. Ж---- в---- 1-- к------- – т------ Ж-н-а в-г-ю 1-0 к-л-г-а- – т-в-т-. ---------------------------------- Жінка вагою 100 кілограм – товста. 0
Zh-nka vahoyu 1-0 -i--hr-m --------. Z----- v----- 1-- k------- – t------ Z-i-k- v-h-y- 1-0 k-l-h-a- – t-v-t-. ------------------------------------ Zhinka vahoyu 100 kilohram – tovsta.
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. Чол-в-к-в-го---0 кілогр---– ----й. Ч------ в---- 5- к------- – х----- Ч-л-в-к в-г-ю 5- к-л-г-а- – х-д-й- ---------------------------------- Чоловік вагою 50 кілограм – худий. 0
C--l-v-k -ah--u-5--kil---am --khu--y-. C------- v----- 5- k------- – k------- C-o-o-i- v-h-y- 5- k-l-h-a- – k-u-y-̆- -------------------------------------- Cholovik vahoyu 50 kilohram – khudyy̆.
expensive and cheap Дорогий - д-ше-ий Д------ і д------ Д-р-г-й і д-ш-в-й ----------------- Дорогий і дешевий 0
D---h-y- --d----vyy̆ D------- i d-------- D-r-h-y- i d-s-e-y-̆ -------------------- Dorohyy̆ i deshevyy̆
The car is expensive. А--омо-іль --р-г-й. А--------- д------- А-т-м-б-л- д-р-г-й- ------------------- Автомобіль дорогий. 0
Av-o-obi-ʹ ---o---̆. A--------- d-------- A-t-m-b-l- d-r-h-y-. -------------------- Avtomobilʹ dorohyy̆.
The newspaper is cheap. Г----- д--ев-. Г----- д------ Г-з-т- д-ш-в-. -------------- Газета дешева. 0
H-z-t- d-s-ev-. H----- d------- H-z-t- d-s-e-a- --------------- Hazeta desheva.

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Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…