Phrasebook

em big – small   »   ar ‫كبيرـــــــصغير‬

68 [sixty-eight]

big – small

big – small

‫68 [ثمانية وستون]‬

68 [thmanyat wastun]

‫كبيرـــــــصغير‬

[kbirsighir]

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big and small ‫-بير-و-غير‬ ‫---- و----- ‫-ب-ر و-غ-ر- ------------ ‫كبير وصغير‬ 0
k--r w-sagh-r k--- w------- k-i- w-s-g-i- ------------- kbir wasaghir
The elephant is big. ‫----ل كبي--‬ ‫----- ك----- ‫-ل-ي- ك-ي-.- ------------- ‫الفيل كبير.‬ 0
a-fi- k------. a---- k------- a-f-l k-b-r-n- -------------- alfil kabirun.
The mouse is small. ‫---أ- -غير.‬ ‫----- ص----- ‫-ل-أ- ص-ي-.- ------------- ‫الفأر صغير.‬ 0
a-fa- ------a. a---- s------- a-f-r s-g-i-a- -------------- alfar saghira.
dark and bright ‫-ظ---ومضي-‬ ‫---- و----- ‫-ظ-م و-ض-ئ- ------------ ‫مظلم ومضيئ‬ 0
m-i-am---m--i--a m----- w-------- m-i-a- w-m-d-a-a ---------------- mzilam wamadiaya
The night is dark. ‫الل--ة-م--م-.‬ ‫------ م------ ‫-ل-ي-ة م-ل-ة-‬ --------------- ‫الليلة مظلمة.‬ 0
a--a------u--ima-a-. a------- m---------- a-l-y-a- m-z-i-a-a-. -------------------- allaylat muzlimatan.
The day is bright. ا--ه-- --رق ا----- م--- ا-ن-ا- م-ر- ----------- النهار مشرق 0
aln--ar--u--r-q a------ m------ a-n-h-r m-s-r-q --------------- alnahar mushriq
old and young ‫ط--- في ا--ن-وشا-‬ ‫---- ف- ا--- و---- ‫-ا-ن ف- ا-س- و-ا-‬ ------------------- ‫طاعن في السن وشاب‬ 0
taa-in fi-a--i-i-wash---n t----- f- a----- w------- t-a-i- f- a-s-n- w-s-a-a- ------------------------- taaein fi alsini washaban
Our grandfather is very old. ‫جدن--ط-عن-ف----سن -عج-ز-.‬ ‫---- ط--- ف- ا--- (------- ‫-د-ا ط-ع- ف- ا-س- (-ج-ز-.- --------------------------- ‫جدنا طاعن في السن (عجوز).‬ 0
jd--- tae-n--i a-s-ni--ej--a). j---- t---- f- a----- (------- j-i-a t-e-n f- a-s-n- (-j-z-)- ------------------------------ jdina taein fi alsini (ejuza).
70 years ago he was still young. ‫وق-- سبع-- عام-- --- ------‬ ‫---- س---- ع---- ك-- ش------ ‫-ق-ل س-ع-ن ع-م-ً ك-ن ش-ب-ً-‬ ----------------------------- ‫وقبل سبعين عاماً كان شاباً.‬ 0
wqbl -ab-i---a-a---ka- -hab-a-. w--- s----- e----- k-- s------- w-b- s-b-i- e-m-a- k-n s-a-a-n- ------------------------------- wqbl sabein eamaan kan shabaan.
beautiful and ugly ‫ج-يل---ب-ح‬ ‫---- و----- ‫-م-ل و-ب-ح- ------------ ‫جميل وقبيح‬ 0
j--l w-q--a-h j--- w------- j-i- w-q-b-y- ------------- jmil waqabayh
The butterfly is beautiful. ‫ا---اشة ج--ل-.‬ ‫------- ج------ ‫-ل-ر-ش- ج-ي-ة-‬ ---------------- ‫الفراشة جميلة.‬ 0
alfa--sh-- ---il-t. a--------- j------- a-f-r-s-a- j-m-l-t- ------------------- alfarashat jamilat.
The spider is ugly. ‫-لعن---ت--بيح.‬ ‫-------- ق----- ‫-ل-ن-ب-ت ق-ي-.- ---------------- ‫العنكبوت قبيح.‬ 0
al-----but---b---. a--------- q------ a-e-n-u-u- q-b-h-. ------------------ aleinkubut qubyha.
fat and thin ‫سمين -----‬ ‫---- و----- ‫-م-ن و-ح-ل- ------------ ‫سمين ونحيل‬ 0
s--n----ahial s--- w------- s-i- w-n-h-a- ------------- smin wanahial
A woman who weighs a hundred kilos is fat. ‫إمرأ- -زه-ا--0--كي--هي--مي--.‬ ‫----- و---- 1-- ك----- س------ ‫-م-أ- و-ه-ا 1-0 ك-ل-ه- س-ي-ة-‬ ------------------------------- ‫إمرأة وزهنا 100 كيلوهي سمينة.‬ 0
'ima-'-- w--a-----00 kil-hi--am--at-. '------- w------ 1-- k----- s-------- '-m-r-a- w-z-h-a 1-0 k-l-h- s-m-n-t-. ------------------------------------- 'imar'at wazahna 100 kiluhi saminata.
A man who weighs fifty kilos is thin. ‫ر-- -زنه -- -يل- -و ن-يل.‬ ‫--- و--- 5- ك--- ه- ن----- ‫-ج- و-ن- 5- ك-ل- ه- ن-ي-.- --------------------------- ‫رجل وزنه 50 كيلو هو نحيل.‬ 0
rj---w---u-----k--u ---na--l. r--- w----- 5- k--- h- n----- r-u- w-z-u- 5- k-l- h- n-h-l- ----------------------------- rjul waznuh 50 kilu hu nahil.
expensive and cheap ‫------اهظ-ال-م---ر-يص‬ ‫--------- ا----------- ‫-ا-ٍ-ب-ه- ا-ث-ن-و-خ-ص- ----------------------- ‫غالٍ(باهظ الثمن)ورخيص‬ 0
gh---n(bahz-al---mn)-r-his g---------- a------------- g-a-i-(-a-z a-t-a-n-w-k-i- -------------------------- ghalin(bahz althamn)wrkhis
The car is expensive. ‫ا-----ة ----ة-الثمن.‬ ‫------- ب---- ا------ ‫-ل-ي-ر- ب-ه-ة ا-ث-ن-‬ ---------------------- ‫السيارة باهظة الثمن.‬ 0
a--aya-r-- --hiz-t -l-h--n-. a--------- b------ a-------- a-s-y-a-a- b-h-z-t a-t-a-n-. ---------------------------- alsayaarat bahizat althamna.
The newspaper is cheap. ‫الص-ي-ة-ر-ي---‬ ‫------- ر------ ‫-ل-ح-ف- ر-ي-ة-‬ ---------------- ‫الصحيفة رخيصة.‬ 0
al---f-t ---h--a-. a------- r-------- a-s-i-a- r-k-i-a-. ------------------ alshifat rakhisat.

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Code-switching

More and more people are growing up bilingual. They can speak more than one language. Many of these people often switch languages. They decide which language to use depending on the situation. For example, they speak a different language at work than at home. By doing so, they adapt themselves to their environment. But there is also the possibility of switching languages spontaneously. This phenomenon is called code-switching . In code-switching, the language gets switched in the middle of speaking. There could be many reasons why speakers switch languages. Often, they don't find the appropriate word in one language. They can express themselves better in the other language. It can also be that the speaker feels more confident in one of the languages. They use this language for private or personal things. Sometimes a certain word doesn't exist in a language. In this case the speaker must switch languages. Or they switch languages so that they aren't understood. In that case code-switching works like a secret language. Earlier, mixing languages was criticized. It was thought that the speaker couldn't speak either language correctly. Today it is viewed differently. Code-switching is recognized as a special linguistic competence. It can be interesting to observe speakers using code-switching. Often, they don't just switch the language they're speaking. Other communicative elements change as well. Many speak faster, louder or more accentuated in the other language. Or they suddenly use more gestures and facial expressions. In this way, code-switching is always a little bit of culture-switching too…