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Past tense of modal verbs 1   »  
ОсэфэшI глаголмэ яблэкIыгъэ шъуашэр 1

87 [eighty-seven]

Past tense of modal verbs 1

Past tense of modal verbs 1

87 [тIокIиплIырэ блырэ]

87 [tIokIiplIyrje blyrje]

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ОсэфэшI глаголмэ яблэкIыгъэ шъуашэр 1

[OsjefjeshI glagolmje jabljekIygje shuashjer 1]

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We had to water the flowers. Къ--------- п-- а-------- ф-----. Къэгъагъэмэ псы акIэткIэн фэягъэ. 0
Kj--------- p-- a---------- f-------. Kjegagjemje psy akIjetkIjen fjejagje. 		+
We had to clean the apartment. Ун-- к------------- ф-----. Унэр къызэIытхыжьын фэягъэ. 0
Un--- k-------------- f-------. Unjer kyzjeIythyzh'yn fjejagje. 		+
We had to wash the dishes. Хь------------- к---------------- ф-----. Хьакъу-шыкъухэр къэттхьакIыжьынхэ фэягъэ. 0
H'------------- k------------------ f-------. H'aku-shykuhjer kjetth'akIyzh'ynhje fjejagje. 		+
     
Did you have to pay the bill? Уа--- (с-----) ш-------- ф-----? Уасэр (счетыр) шъутыжьын фэягъа? 0
Ua---- (s------) s--------- f------? Uasjer (schetyr) shutyzh'yn fjejaga? 		+
Did you have to pay an entrance fee? ЧI-------- ш----- ф--- х--------? ЧIэхьапкIэ шъутын фаеу хъугъагъа? 0
Ch----------- s----- f--- h-----? ChIjeh'apkIje shutyn faeu hugaga? 		+
Did you have to pay a fine? Та--- ш----- ф--- х--------? Тазыр шъутын фаеу хъугъагъа? 0
Ta--- s----- f--- h-----? Tazyr shutyn faeu hugaga? 		+
     
Who had to say goodbye? Хэ-- «-------- к------- ф--- х------? Хэта «хъяркIэ» къэзыIон фаеу хъугъэр? 0
Hj--- «--------- k------- f--- h-----? Hjeta «hjarkIje» kjezyIon faeu hugjer? 		+
Who had to go home early? Хэ-- ж--- я---- к------ ф--- х------? Хэта жьэу ядэжь кIожьын фаеу хъугъэр? 0
Hj--- z----- j------- k------- f--- h-----? Hjeta zh'jeu jadjezh' kIozh'yn faeu hugjer? 		+
Who had to take the train? Хэ-- м------- и-------- ф--- х------? Хэта мэшIокум итIысхьан фаеу хъугъэр? 0
Hj--- m--------- i-------- f--- h-----? Hjeta mjeshIokum itIysh'an faeu hugjer? 		+
     
We did not want to stay long. Тэ б--- т------ т------------. Тэ бэрэ тыкъэты тшIоигъуагъэп. 0
Tj- b----- t------ t------------. Tje bjerje tykjety tshIoiguagjep. 		+
We did not want to drink anything. Тэ з--- т---- т------------. Тэ зыми тешъо тшIоигъуагъэп. 0
Tj- z--- t---- t------------. Tje zymi tesho tshIoiguagjep. 		+
We did not want to disturb you. Тэ д-------------- т------------. Тэ дгъэгумэкIынхэу тшIоигъуагъэп. 0
Tj- d---------------- t------------. Tje dgjegumjekIynhjeu tshIoiguagjep. 		+
     
I just wanted to make a call. Сэ т--------- с---- с----------. Сэ телефонкIэ сытео сшIоигъуагъ. 0
Sj- t---------- s---- s---------. Sje telefonkIje syteo sshIoiguag. 		+
I just wanted to call a taxi. Сэ т---- с------ с----------. Сэ такси сыубыты сшIоигъуагъ. 0
Sj- t---- s------ s---------. Sje taksi syubyty sshIoiguag. 		+
Actually I wanted to drive home. Сэ т----- с------- с----------. Сэ тадэжь сыкIожьы сшIоигъуагъ. 0
Sj- t------- s-------- s---------. Sje tadjezh' sykIozh'y sshIoiguag. 		+
     
I thought you wanted to call your wife. Сэ у----------- т--------- у-------- п------------ к-----------. Сэ уишъхьагъусэ телефонкIэ удэгущуIэ пшIоигъуагъэу къысшIошIыгъ. 0
Sj- u----------- t---------- u------------ p------------ k-----------. Sje uishh'agusje telefonkIje udjegushhuIje pshIoiguagjeu kysshIoshIyg. 		+
I thought you wanted to call information. Сэ д----- з----------- б---- т--------- у-------- к-----------. Сэ джэуап зыдэбгъотырэ бюром телефонкIэ уафытеощт къысшIошIыгъ. 0
Sj- d------- z------------ b----- t---------- u---------- k-----------. Sje dzhjeuap zydjebgotyrje bjurom telefonkIje uafyteoshht kysshIoshIyg. 		+
I thought you wanted to order a pizza. Сэ п---- к------------ у------- к-----------. Сэ пиццэ къябгъэхьынэу уфэягъэу къысшIошIыгъ. 0
Sj- p----- k------------- u--------- k-----------. Sje piccje kjabgjeh'ynjeu ufjejagjeu kysshIoshIyg. 		+
     

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Big letters, big feelings

Advertising uses a lot of pictures. Pictures awaken our particular interests. We look at them longer and more intently than letters. As a result, we remember advertisements with pictures better. Pictures also produce strong emotional reactions. The brain recognizes pictures very quickly. It knows immediately what can be seen in the picture. Letters function differently than pictures. They are abstract characters. Therefore, our brain reacts slower to letters. First, it must understand the meaning of the word. One might say the characters must be translated by the language part of the brain. But emotions can be produced using letters too. The text just needs to be very large. Studies show that big letters have a big effect as well. Large letters aren't just more noticeable than small letters. They also produce a stronger emotional reaction. This is true for positive as well as negative feelings. The size of things has always been important to mankind. Man must react quickly to danger. And when something is large, it's usually already quite close! So it's understandable that large pictures cause strong reactions. Less clear is how we react to large letters. Letters aren't actually a signal for the brain. Despite this, it shows greater activity when it sees large letters. This result is very interesting to scientists. It shows how important letters have become for us. Our brain has somehow learned how to react to writing…